Pressure Reducer
This hydraulic pressure reducer is illustrated in your Jeppeson textbook as Figure 8-50.

You will need to watch this animation several times. The left hand set of bars illustrates the forces acting on the relief valve ball, with size indicating magnitude of force. The right hand set illustrates the forces acting on the piston. Arrows indicate direction of force.

Color indicates relative pressures and are from highest to lowest: Red, Yellow, Green, Blue, and Purple.